Neurotrauma - DocNeuro

Frontal lobe syndromes

Jennifer Kraninger — Sun, 20 Apr 2014 01:29:43 +0000

There are three classically characterized syndromes that result from damage to the frontal lobes. Classic Frontal Lobe Syndromes Dorsolateral Frontal Lobe Injury Function: Monitors and adjusts behavior using ‘working memory’, executive function, planning, strategy formation Dysfunction: Lack of ability to plan or to sequence actions or tasks, poor working memory for verbal or spatial information […]

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Neuro ICU rounding form

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Sat, 05 Apr 2014 18:31:23 +0000

Designed for residents, fellows and medical students working in the neuro-ICU, this rounding worksheet helps you track important events in a patient’s clinical course and be prepared for rounds. Download form: Neuro-ICU rounding work sheet – FRONT Neuro-ICU rounding work sheet – BACK Format The sheet allows for 6 days of tracking. For more than 6 […]

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Cerebral Salt Wasting v. SIADH

Annie Lauer Castro — Sun, 24 Nov 2013 03:41:03 +0000

Both cerebral salt wasting and SIADH (sometimes both together) are commonly found in patients with intracranial hemorrhages. Differentiating between the two has important clinical implications, since the interventions are different for each syndrome. ADH To briefly review, ADH (anti-diuretic hormone, or vasopressin) is primarily produced in magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei […]

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TBI Dysautonomia

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Mon, 06 May 2013 19:54:03 +0000

Dysautonomia occurs in about a quarter (10% to 35%) of traumatic brain injury patients. TBI dysautonomia is characterized by a varible combination of signs ymptoms including tachycardia, hypertension (or hypotension), muscle rigidity, extensor posturing, tachypnea, and diaphoresis. Clinical presentation of TBI dysautonomia TBI dysautonomia typically presents 1-2 weeks after severe brain injury, once ICU sedation has been discontinued. In a […]

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Meninges

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Mon, 01 Apr 2013 15:48:14 +0000

The meninges are made up of three layers (dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater) that enclose the central nervous system. Working with the cerebrospinal fluid, they function to cushion and nourish the brain and spinal cord. The brain and cerebrospinal fluid both have the same specific gravity, so any trauma to the head causes uniform […]

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Spinal Stenosis

Jeffrey Waggoner MD — Fri, 15 Mar 2013 21:47:18 +0000

The causes of spinal cord narrowing and root compression are disk protrusion or narrowing, osteotic overgrowth, and vertebral shifting in the form of spondylolisthesis. Spinal stenosis is a specific term that refers to a focal narrowing of the spinal canal from osteotic overgrowth. (Obviously, the other two causes of narrowing can act to worsen spinal […]

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Cervical Disc Disease

Jeffrey Waggoner MD — Fri, 15 Mar 2013 21:06:10 +0000

Cervical radiculopathy describes mechanical nerve root compression or intense inflammation, i.e, chemical radiculitis, that affects nerve roots as they exit the spinal foramen. Loss of disc height through aging and age-related foraminal width decrease may cause such impingement. The cervical region accounts for roughly a third of all radiculopathies. Incidence of cervical radiculopathies by nerve […]

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Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Jeffrey Waggoner MD — Fri, 15 Mar 2013 20:57:43 +0000

Compression of the neurovascular structures at the opening into the upper thorax is called thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). There are 3 narrow passageways within the route of the nerves from the brachial plexus and the branches of the subclavian vein and artery out into the arm. The narrowness of these 3 areas creates the possibility […]

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Neck Pain

Jeffrey Waggoner MD — Fri, 15 Mar 2013 20:45:17 +0000

Roughly 10% of Americans will get neck pain at some time in their lives. The causes of neck pain include degenerative processes, compression of neural structures, inflammatory, infection, tumors, disruption of resting muscle potentials by chronic spasm, and the disruption of tissue secondary to trauma. A patient’s history is important with relation to its intensity, […]

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Lumbar Disc Disease

Jeffrey Waggoner MD — Fri, 15 Mar 2013 20:13:23 +0000

The back derives its stability from what is called a functional spiral unit—2 adjacent vertebral bodies and the intervertebral disk. The term trijoint complex refers to a disk and 2 zygapophyseal joints at the same level. The process of degeneration of these units has been described as having three phases. Phase 1 involves circumferential tears […]

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