Seizures & Epilepsy - DocNeuro

Cefepime Neurotoxicity

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Tue, 05 Dec 2017 02:06:46 +0000

Cefepime is a cephalosporin antibiotic typically used when broad spectrum coverage including Pseudomonas aerigonsa is needed. However, it can produce cefepime neurotoxicity with encephalopathy, myoclonus, reversible aphasia, and/or convulsive or subclinical seizures. Risk factors for cefepime neurotoxicity Retrospective studies have shown neurotoxicity is most likely when the cefepime dose is insufficiently corrected for renal function, […]

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Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Sun, 02 Jul 2017 22:17:35 +0000

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is one of the most common generalized epilepsy syndromes and typically presents in the teen years. Like absence epilepsy, it is considered a primary generalized epilepsy, rather than a localization-related epilepsy. Clinical Presentation of JME JME accounts for about 25% of all primary generalized epilepsy syndromes. It presents in patients between […]

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Absence Epilepsy

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Sat, 01 Jul 2017 20:15:15 +0000

Absence epilepsy is a type of primary generalized epilepsy in children, and usually presents as staring spells. Clinical Presentation of Absence Epilepsy Childhood absence epilepsy develops in children, with a peak onset of 6 years old. Development of these seizures at an age of 10-12 is more consistent with the juvenile subtype or juvenile myoclonic […]

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Dr. John Ebersole – EEG and clinical neurophysiology pioneer

Rui Guan MD — Sun, 29 Sep 2013 11:45:06 +0000

We are honored to present an interview with the world-renowned epileptologist Dr. John Ebersole on the occasion of his retirement from the University of Chicago. Brief bio: Dr. Ebersole is an internationally recognized authority on epilepsy and EEG with a main clinical interest in treating patients with intractable epilepsy. He completed his MD degree and […]

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Benign EEG Variants

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Thu, 05 Sep 2013 18:52:13 +0000

There are many variants on EEG that are considered normal and yet might be confused with epileptiform activity. These benign EEG variants are often found in only certain subpopulations: either young or old patients or patients with specific pathologies that are not epileptogenic. This makes it important to gather at least a basic history of […]

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Non-REM sleep on EEG

Naoum P Issa, MD, PhD — Wed, 28 Aug 2013 20:28:53 +0000

Sleep stages can be identified by the appearance of characteristic electrical patterns on EEG. Sleep can initially be broken down into REM-sleep and non-REM sleep, with further parcelization of non-REM sleep into stages 1-4. Stage 1 of non-REM sleep is the state of being drowsy, while stage 2 usually constitutes just more than 50% of nighttime sleep in […]

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Hypothalamic Hemartoma and Gelastic Seizures

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Fri, 28 Sep 2012 18:53:54 +0000

The MR images show an abnormal growth hanging down from the hypothalamus. This is a hypothalamic hemartoma, which in some cases can be a type of grey matter heterotopia within the tuber cinereum. It is usually a non-neoplastic congenital abnormality that can result in stereotypical seizures and behaviors. The classic clinical picture is of a male […]

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Landau Kleffner Syndrome

Naoum P. Issa MD PhD — Wed, 26 Sep 2012 19:53:19 +0000

Landua Kleffner Syndrome is one of a spectrum of childhood epileptic disorders and presents with acquired aphasia (loss of the ability to speak or understand speech after initially being able to). Characteristics of Landau Kleffner Syndrome Sudden or gradual development of aphasia (receptive and expressive) after initially normal speech development. Onset usually between the ages […]

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Band Heterotopia

Christopher Buckle MD — Mon, 20 Aug 2012 04:53:50 +0000

Band heterotopia is a congenital disorder that results from the disrupted migration of neurons. Neurons originate in the germinal matrix adjacent to the ventricules and ultimately migrate outward to form the grey matter of the brain parenchyma. When this process is incomplete, islands of grey matter can be found within the white matter, a condition […]

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Mesial Temporal Sclerosis

Christopher Buckle MD — Tue, 19 Jun 2012 22:04:16 +0000

Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS, also called hippocampal sclerosis) is the most common underlying cause of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The etiology is uncertain, although prolonged febrile seizures and limbic encephalitis have been implicated. Diagnosis: Mesial temporal sclerosis Figure 1: A. Coronal T2 weighted, B. Coronal FLAIR. Arrows point to the mesial temporal lobes. Blue arrow […]

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